Fact About The Blast That Shook The World: Eruption of Indonesia's Mount Tambora

Fact About The Blast That Shook The World: Eruption of Indonesia's Mount Tambora

Mount Tambora is a stratovolcano located on the island of Sumbawa in Indonesia. In the early 19th century, it was one of the tallest mountains in the region, standing at a height of 4,300 meters. However, on April 10, 1815, the world was shaken by what would become the largest volcanic eruption in recorded history.

Following the explosion, the mountain's maximum altitude decreased to 2,851 m, which is approximately 66% of its previous height.

Historical records indicate that Mount Tambora had been active for several months prior to the eruption. However, the intensity of the activity increased dramatically in the weeks leading up to April 10. On that day, the volcano erupted with a force that was felt as far as 1,200 kilometers away. The explosion was so violent that it was heard on the neighboring islands of Java and Sumatra, over 1,000 kilometers from the epicenter. Loud explosions were heard until the next evening, 11 April.

A Catastrophic Event of Unprecedented Proportions

The eruption of Mount Tambora was a catastrophic event of unprecedented proportions. The explosion was so powerful that it caused the mountain's summit to collapse, reducing its height by more than a kilometer.

The eruption produced an estimated 160-200 cubic kilometers of ash, rock, and pumice, which were thrown into the atmosphere.

The eruption produced an unprecedented amount of ash

The immediate aftermath of the eruption was devastating. The ash and debris from the volcano rained down on the surrounding area, burying entire villages and killing tens of thousands of people. T

he eruption also triggered a series of tsunamis, which caused further destruction along the coastline. The overall death toll from the eruption is estimated to be between 70,000 and 90,000, making it one of the deadliest volcanic eruptions in history.

Global Impact of Mount Tambora's Eruption

The eruption of Mount Tambora had far-reaching consequences that were felt around the world. The massive amount of ash and debris that was thrown into the atmosphere had a significant impact on the global climate.

The ash and dust particles reflected sunlight, causing a cooling effect on the Earth's surface. This led to a period of global cooling that lasted for several years, which was known as the "Year Without a Summer" in 1816.

The cold temperatures and reduced sunlight led to crop failures and food shortages in many parts of the world

The cooling effect of the eruption also had a significant impact on agriculture and food production. The cold temperatures and reduced sunlight led to crop failures and food shortages in many parts of the world. This, in turn, led to economic instability and social unrest in many countries.

The abnormal climate conditions during this period have been held responsible for the severity of typhus outbreaks in southeast

Europe and along the eastern Mediterranean Sea from 1816 to 1819. The climate changes led to disruptions in the Indian monsoons and resulted in three unsuccessful harvests, leading to famine.

The impact of the eruption was felt worldwide

Additionally, the altered climate contributed to the spread of a new variant of cholera that originated in Bengal in 1816. Livestock in New England perished during the winter season of 1816-1817 due to cool temperatures and heavy rainfall.

The Welsh families were forced to seek food as refugees, and famine was widespread in north and southwest Ireland after the wheat, oat, and potato harvests failed.

Germany was particularly affected by the crisis, with a sharp rise in food prices and widespread demonstrations in front of grain markets and bakeries, followed by riots, arson, and looting in many European cities. It constituted the most severe famine of the 19th century.

A deep volcanic crater was produced following the eruption. Source: Iwan Setiyawan/KOMPAS, Associated Press

Due to the abnormal climate conditions in 1816, the duration of the growing seasons in certain regions of Massachusetts and New Hampshire was less than 80 days, resulting in crop failures. Unusual sunsets were witnessed in Western Europe, and red fog was observed along the eastern coastline of the United States, leading to unique atmospheric conditions that lasted for approximately 2.5 years.

Mount Tambora continues to be an active volcano, with smaller eruptions occurring in 1880 and 1967. There have also been instances of increased seismic activity in recent years, with notable occurrences in 2011, 2012, and 2013.

Comments

THE TERRIBLE STORY OF PRIVATE FIRST CLASS DESMOND T. DOSS OF LYNCHBURG, VIRGINIA....

12th October 1945. Private First Class Desmond T. Doss of Lynchburg, Virginia, is presented the Medal of Honor for outstanding bravery as a combat medic, the first conscientious objector in American history to receive the nation’s highest military award. When called on by his country to fight in World War II, Doss, a dedicated pacifist, registered as a conscientious objector. Eventually sent to the Pacific theater of war as a medical corpsman, Doss voluntarily put his life in the utmost peril during the bloody Battle for Okinawa, saving dozens of lives well beyond the call of duty. During World War II, over 70,000 men were designated conscientious objectors, mostly men whose religious beliefs made them opposed to war. Some refused to serve, but 25,000 joined the US armed forces in noncombat roles such as medics and chaplains. Desmond T. Doss of Lynchburg, Virginia, was one of those men, though he personally shunned the title of conscientious objector. Doss, born in 1919, was raised wit...

The terrible Story of Robert Charles Burke and how he was killed in action charging enemy positions on May 17, 1968,

Robert Charles Burke: he enlisted in the U.S. Marine Corps Reserve in Chicago, March 17, 1967. Burke was discharged to enlist in the regular Marine Corps on May 16, 1967. Upon completion of recruit training with the 1st Recruit Training Battalion, Recruit Training Regiment, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, San Diego, California, on July 20, 1967, Burke was transferred to the Marine Corps Base, Camp Pendleton, California. He completed individual combat training with Company Q, 2nd Battalion, 2nd Infantry Training Regiment, in August 1967, and was promoted to private first class on September 1, 1967. From September 1967 until January 1968, he was a student with the Motor Transport School, Student Company, Schools Battalion. This was followed by duty as a motor vehicle mechanic with Headquarters and Service Company, 5th Military Police Battalion, 5th Marine Division, Camp Pendleton. In February 1968, Burke was sent to the Republic of Vietnam where he was assigned to Company I, ...

The Terrible Story Of Richard Earl Bush of Glasgow, The Hero We Must Honor.

The Terrible Story Of Richard Earl Bush of Glasgow, The Hero We Must Honor. Richard Earl Bush of Glasgow, Kentucky, a U.S. Marine Corps master gunnery sergeant, was awarded the Medal of Honor for his extraordinary actions in Okinawa on April 16, 1945. Bush enlisted in the USMC in 1942. He served with the Marine Corps Raiders in the Pacific, and while with the Raiders, he was promoted to corporal. On April 16, 1945, Cpl. Bush was serving in the 1st Battalion, 4th Marine Regiment, 6th Marine Division. Cpl. Bush led his men in a charge against an enemy stronghold. During the assault, he placed himself on a thrown enemy grenade, absorbing the force of the explosion and saving the lives of his fellow Marines and corpsmen. In World War II, twenty-seven Marines similarly used their bodies against thrown enemy grenades in order to save their comrades’ lives. Bush was one of four who survived. He lost several fingers and sight in one eye. In the years following the war, Bush worked f...

The Terrible Death Of "Sergeant James Ward" The First New Zealand Airman to be Honored with the Victoria Cross

The Terrible Death Of "Sergeant James Ward" The First New Zealand Airman to be Honored with the Victoria Cross. Sergeant James Allan Ward of Whanganui, New Zealand serving with the No. 75 (New Zealand) Squadron RAF, was the first New Zealander to be honored with the Victoria Cross. He is pictureed standing in the cockpit of his Vickers Wellington Mark IC, L7818 'AA-V', at Feltwell, Norfolk. (Source: IWM) ⭐Sergeant James Allen's Victoria Cross Citation reads as follows: "On the night of 7 July 1941, Sergeant Ward was second pilot of a Wellington bomber returning from an attack on Munster. While flying over the Zuider Zee at 13,000 feet his aircraft was attacked from beneath by a German ME110, which secured hits with cannon-shell and incendiary bullets. The rear gunner was wounded in the foot but delivered a burst of fire sending the enemy fighter down, apparently out of control. Fire then broke out in the Wellington's near-starboard engine and, fed by pe...

The Heroic Story Of Lieutenant Colonel Jay Zeamer, Jr. of Carlisle, Honoring Him For His Extraordinary Actions During WWII.

The Heroic Story Of Lieutenant Colonel Jay Zeamer, Jr. of Carlisle, Honoring Him For His Extraordinary Actions During WWII. U.S. Army Air Forces Lieutenant Colonel Jay Zeamer, Jr. of Carlisle, Pennsylvania, was awarded the Medal of Honor for his extraordinary actions on June 16, 1943, over Buka area, Solomon Islands. In October 1939, Zeamer applied for the Army Air Corps flight training program and was accepted in December. His entrance to the program was deferred until after graduating from M.I.T. in June 1940 with a B.S. in Civil Engineering, specializing in Structural Engineering. Zeamer began elementary flight school training as a flying cadet in the Chicago School of Aeronautics, Glenview, Illinois, where his leadership skills earned him the position of Captain of Cadets of Class 41-B. In March 1941, he received his wings and a commission in the U.S. Army Air Corps after graduating from basic and advanced flight school at Maxwell Field, Alabama. On June 16...

The Japanese WWII Soldier Who Refused to Surrender for 27 Years

Unable to bear the shame of being captured as a prisoner of war, Shoichi Yokoi hid in the jungles of Guam until January 1972 When Japanese sergeant Shoichi Yokoi returned to his home country after almost three decades in hiding, his initial reaction was one of contrition: “It is with much embarrassment that I return.” Then 56, Yokoi had spent the past 27 years eking out a meager existence in the jungles of Guam, where he’d fled to evade capture following American forces’ seizure of the island in August 1944. According to historian Robert Rogers, Yokoi was one of around 5,000 Japanese soldiers who refused to surrender to the Allies after the Battle of Guam, preferring life on the lam to the shame of being detained as a prisoner of war. Though the Allies captured or killed the majority of these holdouts within a few months, some 130 remained in hiding by the end of World War II in September 1945. Yokoi, who only rejoined society after being overpowered by two local fishermen in Janu...

Honoring the Service of Hospital Corpsman Jack W. Snyder of the US Navy: Recipient of 10 Battle Stars.

🇺🇲 WWII uncovered: Honoring the Service of Hospital Corpsman Jack W. Snyder of the US Navy: Recipient of 10 Battle Stars. Jack W. Snyder, of Cincinnati Ohio, enlisted with the US Navy on November 12 1942. He was 16 years old. According to the Cincinnati and Hamilton County Public Library History Project: "Petty Officer Third Class Jack W. Snyder enlisted in the Navy at the height of WWII and served onboard the USS Harris APA-2 as a corpsman on multiple operations in the North Africa campaign as a part of the Southern Attack Force, before shifting over to the Pacific seeing action in Tarawa, Kwajalein, Saipan, Palau Islands, Philippines, and Okinawa campaigns. By the end of the war, Harris received ten battle stars for World War II service." Jack returned to Ohio after the war and received his degree from the University of Cincinnati. After graduation he reenlisted and served as a 1st Lieutenant in the Air Force from 1957 to 1963. Jack spent his career teaching physic...

🇦🇺WWII uncovered: Private Edward Kenna Honored with Victoria Cross for Bravery at Wewak New Guinea.

🇦🇺WWII uncovered: Private Edward Kenna Honored with Victoria Cross for Bravery at Wewak New Guinea "Edward (Ted) Kenna was born at Hamilton, Victoria, on 6 July 1919. He completed his education in his home town before becoming a plumber. He enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force in August 1940 and served in the 23/21st Battalion in Victoria and later in the Darwin area. In June 1943 his unit returned to Victoria before being sent to Queensland. At this point the unit was disbanded and its members allotted as reinforcements to other units. Kenna was assigned to the 2/4th Battalion and embarked for New Guinea in October 1944." (AWM 096203) On 15 May 1945, Kenna was involved in an action near Wewak, New Guinea, during which he exposed himself to heavy fire, killing a Japanese machine gun crew and making it possible for his company's attack to succeed. For this he was awarded the Victoria Cross. ⭐ Private Kenna's Victoria Cross Citation reads as follows: War...

HONORING EDITH CAVELL FOR HER WONDERFUL SERVING WWI, REST IN PEACE BRITISH WAR HEROINE.

Edith Cavell - a British war heroine. Edith Louisa Cavell was born on the 4th of December 1865 at Swardeston, near Norwich, the daughter of a local vicar. Edith trained as a nurse and would become the matron of The Berkendael Medical Institute in Belgium in 1907. She was also active in nurse training there. The first World War broke out in 1914 and at the time Edith was on holiday, visiting her mother in Norfolk. Her family begged her to stay in England but she returned to her job in Brussels. The city would fall to the Germans on the 20th of August 1914. Edith was allowed to remain at her post when the hospital was taken over by The Red Cross. Edith began rescuing and treating injured British and French soldiers and getting them across the border into neutral Holland from where they could return to Britain. She also assisted Belgian civilians. These activities constituted a crime under German Military Law. Paragraph 58 of the ...

Why Anna Maria Von Stockhausen’s corpse, strapped to keep her coming back from the dead.

Why Anna Maria Von Stockhausen’s corpse, strapped to keep her coming back from the dead. This is the corpse of Anna Maria von Stockhausen. After death she was strapped down to keep her in her grave. According to folklore, Stockhausen was a witch who resurrected herself 5 times. She was accused of being a witch during the Middle ages and Black Plague. This folklore about Anna was that she was killed about 6 times. She was first hanged and later clawed herself out of the grave. The town people captured her in a nearby town and quickly drowned her in a lake, by tying her to a plank. The townspeople said they checked her several times after dragging her lifeless body out of the water. View more graphics content below View more below:

Search This Blog